James Whale (July 22, 1889 - May 29, 1957) was a ground-breaking Hollywood film director, best known for his work in the horror genre, making such momentous and iconic pictures as Frankenstein, Bride of Frankenstein, and The Invisible Man. Despite being forced into maintaining certain levels of secrecy during his own lifetime, Whale's homosexuality is now synonymous with his name. Many suggest that there are homosexual themes in his motion pictures and as a result his biographies are considered noteworthy in gay and lesbian studies.